¡Ojo con los errores más comunes al preparar la jubilación!
Escrito 07/09/2011 a las 15:21 por Francisco Cuevas
Etiquetas errores, jubilación, problemas, retiro
 La hora de preparar el retiro del mundo laboral es un momento muy especial en la vida de los profesionales. Representa una etapa cumplida, que sin embargo, producto de algunos errores, nos podría traer más de algún dolor de cabeza. El trámite de la jubilación, por lo general, demorar alrededor de tres meses. No obstante si se comete alguna de las equivocaciones que a continuación detallaremos, podría retardarlo otros seis meses. En el Colegio de Asesores Previsionales aseveran que cerca del 95% de quienes preparan su jubilación están propensos a cometer errores por desconocimiento técnicos. Los especialistas observan que muchas de las trabas al jubilar se producen por tomar decisiones basadas en emociones más que en cálculos; por ignorar la figura de los asesores previsionales; o, derechamente, por omitir información como la existencia de los hijos. 1 – Error de omisión El error que se repite con mayor frecuencia es omitir a los hijos menores de 24 años, porque hasta esa edad estos tienen derecho a una pensión obligatoria y, al declararlos, se suma al cálculo de su pensión haciendo que esta disminuya. 2 – Errores tributarios ¿Tiene excedentes de libre disposición en sus ahorros previsionales? Considérelos, porque si es así, podría incurrir en errores tributarios al momento de retirarlos. Este excedente es el monto que se puede retirar al pensionarse cuando su ahorro sobrepasa lo necesario para que su pensión cubra el 70% de su renta imponible promedio de los últimos 10 años. Por eso, si además ha juntado dinero por la vía de Ahorro Previsional Voluntario (APV), deberá escoger entre dos regímenes tributarios. Uno de ellos es el llamado régimen antiguo. Este implica retirar las cotizaciones voluntarias realizadas antes noviembre de 2001 a una tasa preferencial fijada particularmente para cada caso. 3 – No asesorarse El Colegio de Asesores Previsionales señala que uno de los mayores errores que se pueden cometer es no hacerse asesorar por agentes facultados por la ley. Desde la institución señalan que: “El nuevo sistema previsional no es amigable con el afiliado, debido a varios elementos que inciden y que el afiliado desconoce al momento de pensionarse”. Quienes asesoran, no son empleados de ninguna AFP ni compañía de seguros, y sus servicios tienen un costo que por lo general parte de una UF ($21.625) llegando hasta un tope máximo de UF 60 (más de $1,2 millones). El afiliado puede evitarse este gasto directo, pues el pago de este asesor se extraerá de sus mismos fondos de pensión, según la ley. 4 – Pensar emocionalmente Este es un problema general, ya que, muchas personas ponen en primer orden aspectos emocionales, propios del momento que atraviesa, por sobre elementos objetivos y racionales. De esta manera se deja de lado factores tales como el estado de salud o longevidad esperada. Desde Corpvida aseguran que las personas toman decisiones sin considerar la información que se les entrega antes de adoptarlas. 5 – Retardar el Bono de Reconocimiento Concluir el trámite de jubilación puede tomar entre 35 y 75 días, siempre y cuando el Bono de Reconocimiento - documento representado en dinero de quienes cotizaron en el régimen antiguo- se haya liquidado. Este trámite uno de los pueden retardar su retiro. La gente con frecuencia suele no solicitar a tiempo y con la debida anticipación la emisión del bono. Si usted está afiliado al sistema de AFP y registra a lo menos 12 cotizaciones en el sistema antiguo (ex Caja de Previsión Social), averigüe si su bono fue correctamente emitido por el Instituto de Previsión Social (ISP). Esperemos que estos errores los tomes en cuenta, para que desde ya vayas preparando una jubilación tranquila y no tengas que pasar por situaciones desagradables a última hora. |
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Me parece muy bueno el artículo, porque es cierto. Pero también quiero plantear otra situación. ¿Que hacer cuando tu te jubilaste en forma anticipada y ahora te acercas a los 65 años y tienes fondos acumulados? Mi caso es que lo hice a los 52 años para poder financiar las universidades de mis 3 hijos y segui trabajando, por tanto a los 65 voy a tener 13 años de nuevos fondos acumulados ¿cuales son las alternativas? y no creo que sean pocos los casos como el mío.Escrito 04/10/2011 a las 11:41 por Joaquin Antonio Boilet Monroy
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